They tried to push more Protestant-leaning reforms in 1566 but failed. While affirming traditional Christian teaching as defined by the first four ecumenical councils, it tried to steer a middle way between Reformed and Lutheran doctrines while rejecting Anabaptist thinking. 6 Essay on Thirty Nine Articles of Religion. Elizabeth's intention was that the Religious Settlement would prove a compromise acceptable to people of all religious standpoints. He believed that as punishment by God for this communion, God was refusing him a male heir, and this influenced his decisions to divorce and remarry. The English Civil War and overthrow of the monarchy allowed the Puritans to pursue their reform agenda and the dismantling of the Elizabethan Settlement for a period. The outbreak of Protestant radicalism during the English Civil War challenged ideas of inclusion and tolerance within the church. As the historian D. Starkey notes, Elizabeth's cautious reforms resulted in "a Church that was Protestant in doctrine, Catholic in appearance" (314). [4] The doctrines of purgatory, prayer for the dead and the intercession of saints were also rejected during this time. Henry VIII officially broke with the Catholic Church in Rome in 1534 by passing the First Act of Supremacy, making himself head of a new Church of England. Elizabethan Church Settlement: An Examination - Western Oregon University [37] This combination could be interpreted as an affirmation of an objective real presence to those who believed in it, while others could interpret it to mean memorialism. There were priests who conformed to the prayer book while also providing the Mass to their parishioners. The settlement continued the English Reformation which had begun during the reign of her father, Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) whereby the Protestant Church of England split from the Catholic Church led by the Pope in Rome. We care about our planet! [46], The Injunctions offered clarity on the matter of vestments. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Its purpose was to give the common people access to liturgies and prayers. In 1571, the Thirty-Nine Articles were adopted as a confessional statement for the church, and a Book of Homilies was issued outlining the church's reformed theology in greater detail. [86] In general, the bishops considered clerical dress adiaphora and tried to find compromise, but the Queen believed that the churchand herself as Supreme Governorhad authority to determine rites and ceremonies. However, it had two major weaknesses: membership loss as church papists conformed fully to the Church of England, and a shortage of priests. Here is an example answer to the following 16-mark question on whether geographical divisions were the biggest problem for Elizabeth I in establishing the religious settlement in England. The Elizabeth religious settlement was successfully - Quizlet [90], In 1572, a bill was introduced in the Queen's 4th Parliament that would allow Protestants, with their bishop's permission, to omit ceremonies from the 1559 prayer book, and bishops would be further empowered to license clergymen to use the French and Dutch stranger church liturgies. Regardless of how quickly Elizabethan reform spread throughout England, the legislation of the Elizabethan Settlement did stabilize the face of the Church of England. The main features of the settlement include: establishing a Church of England that included Protestant beliefs and the Catholic hierarchical structure and making Queen Elizabeth I Supreme Governor of the Church. The 1549 prayer book required clergy to wear the alb, cope and chasuble. Despite the problems that sometimes arose, it proved to be a remarkable success. These articles served as the foundation for the Church of England's doctrine. Elizabeth accepted the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England upon her ascension in 1558. The Act of Supremacy of 1558 re-established the Church of England's independence from Rome, and Parliament conferred on Elizabeth the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England. In addition, the liturgy remained "more elaborate and more reminiscent of older liturgical forms" and "took no account of developments in Protestant thinking after the early 1550s". All Christians may receive the bread and wine of the Lord's Supper. [59] The impressment of boys for service as singers in St. Paul's Cathedral and the royal chapel continued during this period. It was designed to settle the divide between Catholics and Protestants and address the differences in services and beliefs. [52] Through the mid-1650s, there were an estimated 800 clergy who resigned or were deprived for refusal to conform. [82], The Queen's excommunication and the arrival of the seminary priests brought a change in government policy toward recusants. [86] Throughout her reign, the Queen successfully blocked attempts by Parliament and the bishops to introduce further change. With your support millions of people learn about history entirely for free, every month. Thank you! Before 1574, most laymen were not made to take the Oath of Supremacy and the 12d fine for missing a service was poorly enforced. Catherine of Aragon was Henry VIII's brother's wife. Elizabeth I knew that one of her first acts as queen needed to resolve the ongoing confusion about what the Church of England was. This debacle occurred at the same time that Puritanism's most powerful defenders at Court were dying off. However, as a result of the Northern Rebellion, excommunication by the Pope and challenge of MQS, E was forced to impose strict penalties against Catholics. They reduced the number to thirty-nine, leaving out a few that they thought would most offend the Catholics. Why was the Elizabethan religious settlement successful? This change of title placated those who did not feel that a woman could be the head of the church, and the act passed fairly easily. Afterwards, executions of Catholic priests became more common, and in 1585, it became treason for a Catholic priest to enter the country, as well as for anyone to aid or shelter him. What was the Elizabethan Religious Settlement? [100], In the Parliaments of 1584 and 1586, the Puritans attempted to push through legislation that would institute a presbyterian form of government for the Church of England and replace the prayer book with the service book used in Geneva. Most Puritans, however, remained in the Church of England. When Elizabeth I became queen in 1558, England's religious situation was dire. [32] The Litany in the 1552 book had denounced "the bishop of Rome, and all his detestable enormities". [36] When communicants received the bread, they would hear the words, "The body of our Lord Jesus Christ, which was given for thee, preserve thy body and soul unto everlasting life [1549]. Seven bishops, including Cardinal Pole, Mary's Archbishop of Canterbury, died in 1558 and needed to be replaced. Try and produce an argument for your decision by gathering evidence from the article! As spokesman for the government, Bacon delivered its mission statement, to unite the people of this realm into a uniform order of religion'. To realise this vision it was necessary to reach a new religious settlement that was as inclusive as possible. The north of England remained conservative in religious matters and England's three closest neighbours (Scotland, France, and Spain) were all Catholic states. [112], The Church of England was fundamentally changed. Fig. What was a Catholic element of the new Church of England? The Queen never forgave John Knox for writing The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women, which denounced female monarchs, and the Reformation in Geneva was tainted by association.

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